China's mounting bad debts have fewer places to go
The author is a Reuters Breakingviews columnist. The opinions expressed are her own.
By Robyn Mak
HONG KONG, Aug 7 (Reuters Breakingviews) -Tackling China's $470 billion bad debt pile is getting harder. China Bohai Bank 9668.HK, which is 16%-owned by Standard Chartered STAN.L, recently said it's selling non-performing assets worth $4 billion. It underscores the pressure lenders are under as the country's property bubble bursts. Yet buyers are feeling the strain too.
Bohai Bank, based in the northern metropolis of Tianjin, has been hit hard by the country's property slump and slowing economic growth. The region, among China's most indebted, has grappled with plunging real estate prices - once a vital source of local government revenue - and overcapacity in its manufacturing sectors. Last year, nearly half of Bohai Bank's 932 billion yuan ($129 billion) loan book was in northern and northeastern China, where its profit before tax plunged to 1.7 billion yuan, down from 5.5 billion yuan in 2021. The bank's Hong Kong-listed stock is down 80% over the same period.
The $2 billion lender had 16.5 billion yuan of non-performing loans (NPLs), or 1.8% of total gross loans, as of December. But combined with special-mention loans - slightly less risky debt than NPLs - problem loans made up almost 5%. Bohai Bank plans to sell assets worth 29 billion yuan, which includes the principal, interest and such, at an up to roughly 40% discount. The bank will take a 3.8 billion yuan hit, equivalent to more than three-quarters of its 2023 net profit.
It's a chunky sale: though the assets account for less than 2% of Bohai Bank's total, the amount is 54% more than the non-performing assets the group disposed of in all of 2023. The seller appears to be getting a better deal, too.The average haircut on the principal for similar deals in Tianjin over the past three years was 71.7%, accordingto Bohai Bank.
The transaction comes at an awkward time for asset management companies known as bad banks. Beijing created the Big Four - China Cinda Asset Management 1359.HK, China Orient Asset Management, China Citic Financial Asset Management 2799.HK and China Great Wall Asset Management- in 1998 to acquire bad debts from the country's four largest lenders.
But after years of rapid expansion, their balance sheets, capital base and profitability are all under strain. Last month, Cinda, considered to be the strongest of the four and one of the six bidders for Bohai Bank's assets, warned its first-half earnings could fall by up to 50% from a year earlier. Meanwhile, the country's banks hold $1.1 trillion of non-performing and special-mention loans, government data show, a 29% increase since the end of 2019.
That suggests buyers will increasingly be driving a harder bargain, making disposals like Bohai Bank's trickier to pull off.
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CONTEXT NEWS
China Bohai Bank on July 22 said it intends to sell assets worth 29 billion yuan ($4 billion) via a public tender process to six potential buyers. The assets primarily comprise of debt owed by 53 entities and includes 25.6 billion yuan of principal, 2 billion yuan of interest and 1.3 billion yuan in penalties.
The bank, which is 16.2%-owned by Standard Chartered, expects to sell the assets at up to a 40% discount, which will result in a financial hit of 3.9 billion yuan, according to a filing.
As of the end of the first quarter of 2024, Chinese commercial banks had 3.4 trillion yuan ($469.21 billion) of non-performing loans, up by 141.4 billion yuan from the previous quarter, according to official statistics.
Graphic: China's risky bank debts are piling up https://reut.rs/4cmiMtA
Editing by Antony Currie and Ujjaini Dutta
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