Financial conditions vs real rates - is Fed policy too tight or too loose? McGeever
The opinions expressed here are those of the author, a columnist for Reuters
By Jamie McGeever
ORLANDO, Florida, Oct 31 (Reuters) -As if financial markets needed another factor to complicate the near-term outlook for Federal Reserve policy, the U.S. economy and asset prices, investors now have to make sense of a growing disconnect between real interest rates and financial conditions.
In simple terms, is U.S. monetary policy too tight or too loose? Normally this would be a fairly straightforward question, but there are currently contradictory signals.
By some measures, the Fed's inflation-adjusted policy rate is nearing the highest level since 2007. And that's after the jumbo-sized 50 basis point rate cut in September.
This would suggest the Fed has plenty of scope to continue cutting rates, perhaps even by "hundreds of basis points", as Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee recently suggested.
The Fed's current policy stance also appears highly restrictive when set against estimates of 'R-Star' – the nebulous real rate of interest that neither accelerates nor slows growth in a world of 2% inflation – which is currently estimated to be somewhere between 0.7% and 1.2%.
Yet many market-based measures of financial conditions tell a different story. They're the loosest they've been in years by some gauges, largely due to Wall Street's relentless rise.
So something has got to give: either the real cost of borrowing comes down, or financial conditions tighten. Or a bit of both. Yet it's currently unclear which force will prevail.
MIXED MESSAGES
The U.S. economy looks to be in rude health, as evidenced by the 2.8% annualized GDP growth reported on Wednesday and the strong start to the corporate earnings season.
Meanwhile, investor risk appetite is holding up despite rising geopolitical risk and the looming U.S. presidential election. Stock prices have climbed more than 40% over the last 12 months – a remarkable run – and U.S. corporate credit spreads are the narrowest they've been in 20 years.
Yet as inflation has cooled, real borrowing costs have risen to their highest level in 17 years, and expectations of further Fed easing are steadily being pared back because of the economy's solid performance.
What explains this divergence?
BNP Paribas economists note that even though Fed policy is technically restrictive given today's high real rates, what matters for the real economy is broader financial conditions. And these conditions have eased substantially over the past year.
The economists cite Fed modeling that suggests the change in overall financial conditions over the last year could boost GDP growth by as much as 0.7 percentage points over the coming 12 months.
That hardly sounds restrictive.
'TAIL WAGGING THE DOG'
"It's a very unusual environment we're in," says Joe Lavorgna, managing director and chief economist at SMBC Nikko Securities, who contends that these loose financial conditions are largely the result of the stock market boom. "Equities are the tail wagging the dog."
In other words, appreciating stocks are helping to push up asset prices broadly and making financing easier to access, creating a self-reenforcing loop that is proving difficult to break.
This could help explain why the economy has been so resilient despite elevated interest rates, but it could also complicate the Fed's job moving forward.
A 'no landing' for the economy – i.e., strong economic growth despite elevated interest rates – could prompt a market repricing of the Fed outlook that, somewhat paradoxically, tips equities and asset prices lower. This would obviously tighten financial conditions, but perhaps more rapidly and dangerouslythan the central bankers would like.
Fed Chair Jerome Powell told reporters after the rate cut on Sept. 18 that the process of shifting policy to a more neutral stance has begun. Financial conditions will play a crucial role in determining the pace and depth of the Fed's easing cycle.
(The opinions expressed here are those of the author, a columnist for Reuters.)
U.S. real rates rising ... financial conditions loosening https://tmsnrt.rs/4f5Cf43
U.S. financial conditions a strong GDP tailwind - BNP Paribas https://tmsnrt.rs/40m0GFO
What drives U.S. financial conditions - BNP Paribas https://tmsnrt.rs/3NNqh2Q
U.S. national financial conditions index - Chicago Fed https://tmsnrt.rs/48wh34s
Real fed funds rate highest since 2007 https://tmsnrt.rs/3O7V4YB
Reporting by Jamie McGeever; Editing by Kirsten Donovan
면책조항: XM Group 회사는 체결 전용 서비스와 온라인 거래 플랫폼에 대한 접근을 제공하여, 개인이 웹사이트에서 또는 웹사이트를 통해 이용 가능한 콘텐츠를 보거나 사용할 수 있도록 허용합니다. 이에 대해 변경하거나 확장할 의도는 없습니다. 이러한 접근 및 사용에는 다음 사항이 항상 적용됩니다: (i) 이용 약관, (ii) 위험 경고, (iii) 완전 면책조항. 따라서, 이러한 콘텐츠는 일반적인 정보에 불과합니다. 특히, 온라인 거래 플랫폼의 콘텐츠는 금융 시장에서의 거래에 대한 권유나 제안이 아닙니다. 금융 시장에서의 거래는 자본에 상당한 위험을 수반합니다.
온라인 거래 플랫폼에 공개된 모든 자료는 교육/정보 목적으로만 제공되며, 금융, 투자세 또는 거래 조언 및 권고, 거래 가격 기록, 금융 상품 또는 원치 않는 금융 프로모션의 거래 제안 또는 권유를 포함하지 않으며, 포함해서도 안됩니다.
이 웹사이트에 포함된 모든 의견, 뉴스, 리서치, 분석, 가격, 기타 정보 또는 제3자 사이트에 대한 링크와 같이 XM이 준비하는 콘텐츠 뿐만 아니라, 제3자 콘텐츠는 일반 시장 논평으로서 "현재" 기준으로 제공되며, 투자 조언으로 여겨지지 않습니다. 모든 콘텐츠가 투자 리서치로 해석되는 경우, 투자 리서치의 독립성을 촉진하기 위해 고안된 법적 요건에 따라 콘텐츠가 의도되지 않았으며, 준비되지 않았다는 점을 인지하고 동의해야 합니다. 따라서, 관련 법률 및 규정에 따른 마케팅 커뮤니케이션이라고 간주됩니다. 여기에서 접근할 수 있는 앞서 언급한 정보에 대한 비독립 투자 리서치 및 위험 경고 알림을 읽고, 이해하시기 바랍니다.
