With US yield curve disinversion, is recession on the horizon?
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WITH US YIELD CURVE DISINVERSION, IS RECESSION ON THE HORIZON?
There's an ongoing debate as to whether the disinversion of the U.S. Treasury yield curve is flagging recession for the world's largest economy.
The yield curve had been inverted for more than two years before briefly reversing course on Aug. 5 for the first time since July 2022. It has disinverted on and off this week.
An inverted yield curve, specifically the U.S. 2/10 sector, typicaly foreshadows recessions, predicting eight of the last 10 slowdowns. The curve is currently at 2.7 basis points (bps), steepening after a lower-than-expected U.S. non-farm payrolls report for August.
For David Rosenberg, president and founder of Rosenberg Research in Montreal, the curve disinversion is "just another nail in the coffin on the recession call — delayed never did mean derailed."
He writes in a research note that 2/10 inversions can have a long lag, noting that after a more than two-year inversion that is then followed by a disinversion, the recession generally begins within three months after that shift.
Rosenberg also points to the spread between U.S. two-year yield and the fed funds rate, an indication of whether the Fed is behind the curve in terms of monetary policy. That spread is currently at -163 bps, the most inverted since 2008.
"It's a a clear message from the bond market to the Fed that it has bungled things again...in the same way it fell behind the inflation curve back in 2022," Rosenberg says.
Historically, the two-year Treasury yield and effective fed funds rate tend to be similar because the market and the Fed both play a role in determining these rates. When the fed funds rate is a lot higher than the two-year yield, as is the case right now, the bond market is saying that the Fed has waited too long to cut rates. The Treasury market is already flagging a downtrend in the economy, even as the fed funds rate remains elevated.
Rosenberg also points to recession signs everywhere. He cites Dollar Tree's DLTR.O disappointing results this week. The company, which caters to the low-end consumers, said its data showed households with more than $125,000 in annual income are 'buying for need' from 'buying for want,' with the sales mix shifting substantially from discretionary items towards necessities."
"The fact that the economic strain has moved across income lines is a very important recent development and suggests that the dive in the personal savings rate to below 3%...is a general sign that households are stretched."
(Gertrude Chavez-Dreyfuss)
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