Honda, Nissan move to deepen ties, sources say, including possible merger
Honda and Nissan face competition from Tesla and Chinese EV makers
Merger would create $54 billion company, world's No 3 auto group by vehicle sales
Honda, Nissan also exploring ways to cooperate with Mitsubishi-source
Taiwan's Foxconn made a rejected approach to Nissan about a bid-sources
Adds closing shares in paragraph 6, press conference details in paragraph 13, sources detailing Foxconn's interest in Nissan in paragraph 15
By Maki Shiraki and Norihiko Shirouzu
TOKYO, Dec 18 (Reuters) -Honda 7267.T and Nissan 7201.T are in talks to deepen ties, two people said on Wednesday, including a possible merger, the clearest sign yet of how Japan's once seemingly unbeatable auto industry is being reshaped by challenges from Tesla and Chinese rivals.
A combined Honda and Nissan would create a $54 billion company with annual output of 7.4 million vehicles, making it the world's third-largest auto group by vehicle sales after Toyota 7203.T and Volkswagen VOWG_p.DE.
The two firms had already forged a strategic partnership in March to cooperate in electric vehicle development, but Nissan's deepening financial and strategic trouble in recent months has added more urgency for closer cooperation with larger rival Honda.
Nissan announced a $2.6 billion cost savings plan last month that includes cutting 9,000 jobs and 20% of its global production capacity, as slumping sales in China and the U.S. led to a 85% plunge in second-quarter profit.
"This deal appears to be more about bailing out Nissan, but Honda itself is not resting on its laurels," said Sanshiro Fukao, executive fellow at Itochu Research Institute. "Honda's cash flow is set to deteriorate next year and its EVs haven't been going so well."
Shares of Nissan closed nearly 24% higher in Tokyo trade on Wednesday, while shares of Honda, whose market value of $43 billion is more than four times bigger than that of Nissan, declined 3%. Shares of Mitsubishi gained nearly 20%.
The automakers have been grappling with challenges from EV makers, particularly in China, where BYD 002594.SZ, 1211.HK and others have surged ahead.
The talks between Honda and Nissan, first reported by the Nikkei newspaper, would allow the companies to cooperate more on technology and help them create a more formidable domestic rival to Toyota.
The discussions are focused on finding ways to bolster collaboration and include the possibility of setting up a holding company, said the people, who declined to be identified because the information has not been made public.
The companies are also discussing the possibility of full merger, according to one of the people, as well as looking at ways to cooperate with Mitsubishi Motors 7211.T, in which Nissan is the top shareholder with a 24% stake.
Honda, Nissan and Mitsubishi said no deal had been announced by any of the companies, though Nissan and Mitsubishi noted the three automakers had said previously they were considering opportunities for future collaboration.
French automaker Renault RENA.PA, a major Nissan shareholder, said it had no information and declined to comment.
The three Japanese automakers are expected to hold a joint news conference in Tokyo on Monday, according to a source familiar with the matter.
Taiwan's Foxconn 2317.TW, which manufactures Apple's APPL.O iPhones and has been seeking to expand its nascent EV contract manufacturing business, approached Nissan about a bid but it was rejected by the Japanese firm, two separate sources familiar with the matter said.
Bloomberg News reported earlier on Wednesday that Foxconn had approached Nissan to take a controlling stake.
Foxconn did not immediately respond to a request for comment, while a Nissan spokesperson declined to comment on Foxconn.
CHANGING LANDSCAPE
Over the past year, an EV price war launched by Tesla TSLA.O and BYD has intensified pressure on any automakers losing money on the next-generation vehicles. That has put pressure on companies like Honda and Nissan to seek ways to cut costs and speed vehicle development, and mergers are a major step in that direction.
"In the mid- to long-term, this is good for the Japanese car industry as it creates a second axis against Toyota," said Seiji Sugiura, a senior analyst at Tokai Tokyo Intelligence Laboratory.
"Constructive rivalry with Toyota is a positive for the rather stagnating Japanese car industry when it must compete with Chinese automakers, Tesla and others."
Any merger would face significant U.S. scrutiny and President-elect Donald Trump has vowed to take a hard line on imported vehicles, including threatening 25% tariffs on vehicles shipped from Canada and Mexico. He could seek concessions from Honda and Nissan to approve any deal, auto industry officials said.
Honda and Nissan both produce cars in Mexico for export to the U.S.
Honda and Nissan would also have to work out how to integrate their different corporate cultures if they proceed with a merger, analysts said.
"Honda has a unique, technology-centric culture with strengths in powertrains, so there should be some internal resistance to the merger with Nissan, a competitor with a different culture that is now faltering," said Tang Jin, a senior researcher at Mizuho Bank.
BREAKINGVIEWS-Nissan-Honda merger would be far from cure-all nL4N3NJ03X
Experts comments on Honda and Nissan's talks to deepen ties nL4N3NJ09G
Nissan and Honda have underperformed key rivals this year https://tmsnrt.rs/3DnHQEU
FACTBOX-How Nissan and Honda stack up against each other nL4N3NJ0AB
Reporting by Maki Shiraki in Tokyo and Norihiko Shirouzu in Austin, Texas; Additional reporting by Kantaro Komiya and Yoshifumi Takemoto in Tokyo, Zhang Yan in Shanghai, Ben Blanchard in Taipei and Gilles Guillaume in Paris; Writing by David Dolan and Miyoung Kim; Editing by Jamie Freed
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