French banks’ ups and downs obscure value problem
The author is a Reuters Breakingviews columnist. The opinions expressed are his own.
By Liam Proud
LONDON, Oct 31 (Reuters Breakingviews) -Société Générale SOGN.PA is starting to close the giant gap with its bigger and more successful rival BNP Paribas BNPP.PA. That’s one way to understand investors’ reaction to third-quarter results released by the French banking duo on Thursday. The bigger picture, however, looks worse: both Gallic lenders’ valuations have slipped behind their euro zone peers, and it’s hard to see that changing anytime soon.
The immediate news is positive for SocGen’s embattled boss Slawomir Krupa. The smaller of the two banks reported 19% year-on-year revenue growth in its core French business, better than analysts had expected. Investors also seem to have liked the CEO's management reshuffle, which involved bringing in Banco de Sabadell's SABE.MC Leopoldo Alvear as finance chief. The new hire doesn't speak French, according to a person familiar with the matter, which is rare in Parisian C-suites and suggests Krupa wants to shake things up. SocGen shares rose 7%.
BNP’s veteran chief Jean-Laurent Bonnafé, though, has less to crow about in the short term. His bank is just about on track to grow its top line by 2% this year – admittedly from a much higher base than SocGen’s. The shares fell 6%.
Thursday’s moves slightly reduce the large valuation chasm between long-struggling SocGen and BNP. Krupa’s bank is now worth almost two-fifths of forward tangible book value, using LSEG Datastream figures, while Bonnafé’s group is trading at just above 60% of the same measure. Both figures, however, are looking worse relative to euro zone-focused rivals.
Italy’s Intesa Sanpaolo ISP.MI and UniCredit CRDI.MI, as well as Spain’s CaixaBank CABK.MC, all trade at a premium to forecast tangible book value. Even Deutsche Bank DBKGn.DE, long one of the most lowly valued in the region, has pulled firmly away from SocGen. The German lender is now worth more than half of forecast tangible book – not far behind BNP. Using price-earnings multiples, meanwhile, Bonnafé’s bank trades at a 10% discount to the Euro STOXX Banks Index .SX7E while Krupa’s markdown is 23%.
The worrying thing for the two CEOs is that it’s hard to see how they could shrug the discount. French regulated savings products and other rules make it hard to earn a chunky spread between deposits and loans, even when rates are high. That’s particularly a problem for SocGen. Both groups, meanwhile, have large and relatively volatile investment banking and trading businesses. Investors tend to assign a lower valuation multiple to those activities given their unpredictable and risk-prone nature.
Krupa and Bonnafé could argue that they’re turning the markets businesses into steadier earners, but shareholders will want to see evidence of that before giving them any credit. French banks may be stuck in the bargain bucket for a while.
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CONTEXT NEWS
Société Générale on Oct. 31 said that it generated 6.8 billion of revenue during the three months to Sept. 30. After adjusting for the proceeds of business disposals, that equated to 5.8% year-on-year growth. Costs were 63% of revenue, compared with 70.4% in the same period of 2023.
Revenue at French rival BNP Paribas, meanwhile, rose 2.7% year-on-year in the third quarter of 2024.
Shares in SocGen rose 7.3% to 25.44 euros as of 0910 GMT on Oct. 31. BNP’s shares were down 6.2%.
BNP and SocGen's discount to euro zone rivals https://reut.rs/4fnVENg
Editing by Neil Unmack and Katrina Hamlin
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